Aplicabilidad de la superficie corporal e índicesantropométricos para valorar el tamaño corporal en adolescentes que viven a gran altitud / Applicability of body surface area and anthropometric indices to assess bodysize in adolescents living at high altitude

Introducción: Los índices antropométricos se utilizan para evaluar el estado de salud general, la adecuación nutricional y el patrón de crecimiento físico. Objetivo: Verificar la capacidad de estimar adecuadamente el tamaño corporal por medio de la superficie corporal (SC), Índice de masa corporal (IMC) e índice tri-ponderal (ITP) por edad cronológica (EC) y estado de madurez (EM) en adolescentes que viven a gran altitud del Perú. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo (correlacional) en adolescentes de 10 a 14 años. Fueron reclutados 3.088 escolares. Se evaluó el peso, estatura, se calculó la SC por la fórmula de Dobois y Dubois, el IMC y el ITP. Resultados: En ambos sexos el poder de determinación entre SC con EC, EM, peso y estatura fueron altos (hombres: r2= 0,31 a 0,89% y mujeres: r2= 0,36 a 0,94%). En los hombres, las relaciones entre IMC con EC, EM, y estatura fueron nulas (r2= 0.01 a 0.05%), excepto con el peso (r2= 0.70%), mientras que, en las mujeres, las relaciones fueron bajas con la EC, EM y estatura (r2= 0,11 a 0,24%), excepto en el peso (r2=0,805). Con el ITP, las relaciones con la EC, EM y estatura fueron nulas en ambos sexos (hombres: r2= 0,02 a 0,03% y mujeres: r2= 0,00 a 0,07%), excepto con el peso, donde explica r2= 0,33% en hombres y 0,48% en mujeres. No hubo diferencias cuando se comparó entre hombres y mujeres por EC (11, 12 y 13 años), excepto a los 10 y 14 años. Conclusión: Se verificó que la SC se correlacionó significativamente con la EC, EM, peso y estatura en relación al IMC e IP. Estos resultados sugieren que la SC podría ser un mejor indicador para evaluar y monitorizar el tamaño corporal en adolescentes que viven a elevada altitud.(AU)

Introduction: Anthropometric indices are used to assessgeneral health status, nutritional adequacy and physicalgrowth pattern. Objective: To verify the ability to adequately estimatebody size by body surface area (BS), body mass index (BMI) and tri-ponderal index (TPI) by chronological age (CE) andmaturity status (MS) in adolescents living at high altitude inPeru. Methods: A descriptive (correlational) study was carriedout in adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. A total of 3,088schoolchildren were recruited. Weight, height, BF, BMI andITP were evaluated and calculated by the Dobois and Duboisformula. Results: In both sexes the power of determination betweenCS with CE, MS, weight and height were high (males: r2=0.31 to 0.89% and females: r2= 0.36 to 0.94%). In men, therelationships between BMI with CD, MS, and height were null(r2= 0.01 to 0.05%), except with weight (r2= 0.70%),whereas, in women, the relationships were low with CD, MS,and height (r2= 0.11 to 0.24%), except for weight(r2=0.805). With ITP, the relationships with CD, MS andheight were null in both sexes (men: r2= 0.02 to 0.03% andwomen: r2= 0.00 to 0.07%), except with weight, where it ex-plains r2= 0.33% in men and 0.48% in women. There wereno differences when comparing males and females by CE (11,12 and 13 years), except at 10 and 14 years. Conclusion: It was verified that CS was significantly cor-related with CD, MS, weight and height in relation to BMI andPI. These results suggest that CS could be a better indicatorto assess and monitor body size in adolescents living at highaltitude.(AU)

Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in High-Altitude Regions: A Systematic Review.

Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MS) has many risk factors that are important to investigate in populations living at sea level and in high-altitude geographic regions. The aim was to identify the components of MS that cross-sectional studies use to assess in adult populations residing in high-altitude regions. Materials and Methods: A systematic review study was conducted. The Pubmed database was used. The search for original articles (cross-sectional) was performed from January 2013 to December 2020. The procedure was carried out by two researchers. The keywords used were metabolic syndrome, adults, and altitude regions. The search strategy considered the components of the PICOS tool. Results: Ten cross-sectional studies were identified in the Pubmed database from 2014 to 2020. Altitude levels varied between countries and regions, from 2060 to 4900 m above sea level. Three studies were conducted in both China and Peru, two studies in Ecuador, and one in Bolivia and India. The age ranges studied were from 18 to ~80 years of age, approximately. The components used to assess MS in most studies (between 9 to 10 studies) were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and serum glucose (SG). Conclusions: This systematic review verified that the most commonly used domains in adult populations in various moderate- and high-altitude regions of the world are BMI, WC, BP, TG, HDL, and SG. These results suggest that in order to evaluate and/or investigate MS in subjects residing in high-altitude populations, at least four diagnostic domains should be considered in their protocols.